Olives are very high in vitamin E and other powerful antioxidants. Studies show that they are good for the heart and may protect against osteoporosis and cancer. The healthy fats in olives are extracted to produce olive oil, one of the key components of the incredibly healthy Mediterranean diet. Green olives have a high sodium content, which means they have a salty, savory flavor that has numerous culinary uses. You can enjoy green olives on their own, toss them in a salad or pasta, make them into a tapenade, or use them as a garnish for martinis.